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Where each country stands in the technology race.
10 profiles of national strategies, programs and policies, compiled from government documents and established reporting.
China
China steers technology through five-year plans and state funds, with national targets for AI adoption and backing for domestic chips. It made over 80% of the world's battery cells in 2025, according to the IEA.
View profileEuropean Union
The European Union combines binding AI rules with public supercomputing and chip subsidies. In 2026 it postponed parts of its AI Act and proposed new laws on chips and cloud capacity.
View profileIndia
India runs state-led missions for AI compute and chip manufacturing alongside ISRO's space program and a plan to expand nuclear power. Its AI governance guidelines rely on existing law where possible.
View profileJapan
Japan pairs an AI law focused on promoting research and use with state-backed funding for Rapidus and its 2nm chips, a large industrial robot market and JAXA missions. Its 2026 AI plan stresses physical AI.
View profileSaudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia is relying on Humain, a company owned by its sovereign wealth fund, to buy chips from US firms and build AI data centers. A US nuclear cooperation pact is under review in Congress.
View profileSouth Korea
South Korea is home to memory-chip makers Samsung Electronics and SK hynix. Its government has set a goal of becoming a top-three AI power, with an AI law in force and GPU, nuclear and space plans under way.
View profileTaiwan
Taiwan is home to TSMC, which held 72.5% of the pure-play wafer foundry market in Q2 2026, according to TrendForce. Taiwan has added an AI basic law, a ten-part AI plan and new robotics and drone funding.
View profileUnited Arab Emirates
The UAE pairs state-linked capital with chips and partners from US companies to build very large AI data centers. It is reportedly revising its flagship 5 GW campus after attacks during the 2026 Iran war.
View profileUnited Kingdom
The United Kingdom's approach centers on a 2025 AI action plan, company investment pledges, public compute and an AI Security Institute. Its lead technology department is being replaced in 2026.
View profileUnited States
The United States drew $285.9 billion of private AI investment in 2025, per Stanford's 2026 AI Index. It pairs a deregulatory AI policy with chip subsidies, export controls and federal lunar and nuclear programs.
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